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Sejm of the Second Polish Republic, 1922 -- 1939

Overview

Abstract

Scope and Contents

Biographical Note

Detailed Description

RG-88.01, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, 1 posiedzenia Sejmu RP (Stenographic report of the 1st session of the Sejm), November 28, 1922

RG-88.02, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 6 posiedzenia Sejmu RP Stenographic report of the 6 session  of the First Term Sejm, January 16, 1923

RG-88.03, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 7 posiedzenia Sejmu RP (stenographic report of the 7 session of the First Term Sejm), January 19, 1923

RG-88.04, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 8 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  20, 1923

RG-88.05, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 9 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  22, 1923

RG-88.06, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 10 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  23, 1923

RG-88.07, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 11 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  26, 1923

RG-88.08, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 12 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, February 6, 1923



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Collection Overview

Title: Sejm of the Second Polish Republic, 1922 -- 1939, 1922-1939Add to your cart.View associated digital content.

Predominant Dates:1922 -- 1927; 1935 -- 1938; 1938 -- 1939

ID: RG-88/RG-88

Primary Creator: Sejm of the Second Polish Republic (1919 -- 1939)

Extent: 2.0 Boxes

Subjects: All-Jewish Workers' Party (BUND), political party, Poland, interwar period, Block of National Minorities, political party, Poland, interwar period, Christian Association of National Unity, political party, Poland, interwar period, Communist Union of Urban and Rural Proletariat, political party, Poland, interwar period, Documents in Polish language, Election to the Sejm and Senate of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939, Emil Sommerstein, lawyer, member of Polish parliament, philosopher, contributor to Chwila, Expose, interpellations, speeches, inquiries, the Sejm (parliament) of the Second Polish Republic, Foreign political affairs, Poland, interwar period, Husbandmen (Chliboroby) -- Ruthenians, political party, Poland, interwar period, Ignacy Daszynski, political figure, Poland, interwar period, Internal political, social, economic, cultural, national, religious affairs, Poland, interwar period, Jewish Democratic People's Block, political party, Poland, interwar period, Narratives in Polish language, National Jewish Union of West Little Poland (West Galicia), political party, Poland, interwar period, National Workers' Party, Poland, interwar period, Noach Prylucki, Member of Constituent Assembly, Folkist, Jewish national-democrat in 1922 -1927, Noach Prylucki, Polish-Jewish politician, folkist, member of Polish Sejm, 1919 --1921; 1922 - 1927, Pledge of elected parliamentarians, Sejm, Poland, interwar period, Poland (1918--1939), Polish People's Movement, left wing, political party, Poland, interwar period, Polish People's Movement - The Stapinski Group, Political Party, Poland, interwar period, Polish People's Movement Piast, political party, Poland, interwar period, Polish People's Movement Wyzwolenie, political party, Poland, interwar period, Polish Socialist Party (PPS), 1918 --1939, Political parties in Poland, interwar period, Political spectrum of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939, Political system of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939, Presidential elections by the Sejm of the Second Polish Republic, interwar period, Sejm and Senate of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939, Stanislaw Thugutt, political figure, Poland, interwar period, Stenographic reports of the sessions of the Sejm, the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939, The First Term Sejm and Senate of the Second Polish Republic, 1922 -- 1927, United Jewish National Movements in East Little Poland (Eastern Galicia), Poland, interwar period, Wincenty Witos, political figure, Poland, interwar period, Wojcech Korfanty, political figure, Poland, interwar period

Languages: Polish

Abstract

This record group contains records for the sessions of Polish Parliament (Sejm) between 1922 and 1927. The records reflect parliamentary proceedings and debates with regard to lawmaking, social, political, economic questions as well as matters of domestic affairs, foreign affairs and national security.

Scope and Contents of the Materials

Stenographic records are in print and published with regard to the parliamentary sessions of November 1922, January 1923, February 1923, March 1923, April 1923, May 1923, June 1923, November 1923, December 1923, February 1924, April, 1924, May 1924, June 1924, October 1924, November 1924, December 1924, January 1926, January 1927, February 1927, March 1927, June 1927, July 1927, November 1927. A stenographic report presents a parliamentary discourse for the given session. In general, a parliamentary session could include an agenda as follows, informational announcements related parliamentary jurisdiction, governmental announcements, various propositions related to parliamentary jurisdiction, lawmaking, interpellations, as well as other points of particular agendas, for example, oath taking ceremonies for the new parliamentarians.

Collection Historical Note

The Lower House of the Polish Parliament, the Sejm, was elected on November 5, 1922. This Sejm sat in sessions from November 1922 to November 1927. Macej Rataj served as Chairman (Marszalek) of the Sejm.

The First Term Sejm, 1922 -- 1927. The Sejm was elected on the premises of the five categories of equality, namely the direct, general, equal, personal and proportional elections.

Macej Rataj was the Speaker (Marszalek) of the Sejm of the First Cadence.

The Sejm of the First Term in a quality of People's Assembly elected three presidents of the Polish Republic,

on December 9, 1922 -- Professor Gabriel Narutowicz;

on December 22, 1922 -- Professor Stanislaw Wojcechowski;

on June 1, 1926 -- Professor Igancij Moscicki

In the result of parliamentary elections the following political parties, organizations, movements and groups receive representation in the Sejm:

- Christian Association of National Unity, Chairman Wojcech Korfanty, number of electoral votes in thousands. 2,789; number of representatives (deputies) 169.

- Block of National Minorities, chairman Izaak Gruenbaum, number of electoral votes in thousands 1,398; number of representatives (deputies) 66.

- Polish People's Movement "Piast," chairman Wincenty Witos; number of electoral votes in thousands 1148; number of representatives (deputies) 70.

- Polish People's Movement "Wyzwolenie," Chairman Stanislaw Thugutt; number of electoral votes in thousands 947; number of representatives (deputies) 49.

- Polish Socialist Party (PPS), chairman Igancy Daszhynski; number of electoral votes in thousands 907; number of representatives (deputies) 41.

- National Workers' Party, Chairman Karol Popiel; number of electoral votes in thousands 473; number of representatives (deputies) 18.

- Association of the Jewish National Movement in Maloposlska Wschodnia (East Little Poland), Chairman Emil Sommerstein; electoral votes in thousands 169; number of representatives (deputies) 15.

- Polish People's Leftist Movement; number of electoral votes in thousands 127; number of representatives (deputies) 4.

- The Communist Union of the Urban and Rural Proletariat; number of electoral votes in thousands 122; number of representatives (deputies) 2.

- National Jewish Union of Malopolska Zachodnia (West Little Poland); number of electoral votes in thousands 87; number of representatives (deputies) 2.

- Agriculturalists (Chliboroby) -- Ruthenians; number of electoral votes in thousands 81; number of representatives (deputies) 5.

- All-Jewish Workers' Union (BUND); number of electoral votes in thousands 81; number of representatives (deputies) 0.

- Polish Peoples' Movement -- The Stapinski Group; Chairman Jan Stapinski; number of electoral votes in thousands 51; number of representatives 2.

- Jewish Democratic People's Bloc; Chairman Noah Prylucki; number of electoral votes in thousands 51; number of representatives 1.

-- Others; number of electoral votes in thousands 308; number of representatives (deputies) 0.

All together; number of electoral votes in thousands 8,748; number of representatives (deputies) 444.

Biographical Note

After the First World War and re-establishment of Polish independence, the convocation of parliament, under the democratic electoral law of 1918, became an enduring symbol of the new state's wish to demonstrate and establish continuity with the 300 year Polish parliamentary traditions established before the time of the partitions. Maciej Rataj emphatically paid tribute to this with the phrase: "There is Poland there, and so is the Sejm".

Józef Beck, Minister of Foreign Affairs, delivers his famous Honor Speech in the Sejm, 5th May 1939.

During the interwar period of Poland's independence, the first Legislative Sejm of 1919, a Constituent Assembly, passed the Small Constitution of 1919, which introduced a parliamentary republic and proclaimed the principle of the Sejm’s sovereignty. This was then strengthened, in 1921, by the March Constitution, one of the most democratic European constitutions enacted after the end of the First World War. The constitution established a political system which was based on Montesquieu's doctrine of separation of powers, and which restored the bicameral Sejm consisting of a lower house (to which alone the name of "Sejm" was from then on applied) and an upper house, the Senate. In 1919, Roza Pomerantz-Meltzer, a member of the Zionist party, became the first woman ever elected to the Sejm.

The legal content of the March Constitution allowed for Sejm supremacy in the system of state institutions at the expense of the executive powers, thus creating a parliamentary republic out of the Polish state. An attempt to strengthen executive powers in 1926 (through the August Amendment) proved too limited and largely failed in helping avoid legislative grid-lock which had ensued as a result of too-great parliamentary power in a state which had numerous diametrically-opposed political parties sitting in its legislature. In 1935, the parliamentary republic was weakened further when, by way of, Józef Piłsudski's May Coup, the president was forced to sign the April Constitution of 1935, an act through which the head of state assumed the dominant position in legislating for the state and the Senate increased its power at the expense of the Sejm.

On 2 September 1939, the Sejm held its final pre-war session, during which it declared Poland's readiness to defend itself against invading German forces. On 2 November 1939, the President dissolved the Sejm and the Senate, which were then, according to plan, to resume their activity within two months after the end of the Second World War; this, however, never happened. During wartime, the National Council (1939–1945) was established to represent the legislature as part of the Polish Government in Exile. Meanwhile, in Nazi-occupied Poland, the Council of National Unity was set up; this body functioned from 1944 to 1945 as the parliament of the Polish Underground State. With the cessation of hostilities in 1945, and subsequent rise to power of the Communist-backed Provisional Government of National Unity, the Second Polish Republic legally ceased to exist.

Subject/Index Terms

All-Jewish Workers' Party (BUND), political party, Poland, interwar period
Block of National Minorities, political party, Poland, interwar period
Christian Association of National Unity, political party, Poland, interwar period
Communist Union of Urban and Rural Proletariat, political party, Poland, interwar period
Documents in Polish language
Election to the Sejm and Senate of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939
Emil Sommerstein, lawyer, member of Polish parliament, philosopher, contributor to Chwila
Expose, interpellations, speeches, inquiries, the Sejm (parliament) of the Second Polish Republic
Foreign political affairs, Poland, interwar period
Husbandmen (Chliboroby) -- Ruthenians, political party, Poland, interwar period
Ignacy Daszynski, political figure, Poland, interwar period
Internal political, social, economic, cultural, national, religious affairs, Poland, interwar period
Jewish Democratic People's Block, political party, Poland, interwar period
Narratives in Polish language
National Jewish Union of West Little Poland (West Galicia), political party, Poland, interwar period
National Workers' Party, Poland, interwar period
Noach Prylucki, Member of Constituent Assembly, Folkist, Jewish national-democrat in 1922 -1927
Noach Prylucki, Polish-Jewish politician, folkist, member of Polish Sejm, 1919 --1921; 1922 - 1927
Pledge of elected parliamentarians, Sejm, Poland, interwar period
Poland (1918--1939)
Polish People's Movement, left wing, political party, Poland, interwar period
Polish People's Movement - The Stapinski Group, Political Party, Poland, interwar period
Polish People's Movement Piast, political party, Poland, interwar period
Polish People's Movement Wyzwolenie, political party, Poland, interwar period
Polish Socialist Party (PPS), 1918 --1939
Political parties in Poland, interwar period
Political spectrum of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939
Political system of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939
Presidential elections by the Sejm of the Second Polish Republic, interwar period
Sejm and Senate of the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939
Stanislaw Thugutt, political figure, Poland, interwar period
Stenographic reports of the sessions of the Sejm, the Second Polish Republic, 1918 -- 1939
The First Term Sejm and Senate of the Second Polish Republic, 1922 -- 1927
United Jewish National Movements in East Little Poland (Eastern Galicia), Poland, interwar period
Wincenty Witos, political figure, Poland, interwar period
Wojcech Korfanty, political figure, Poland, interwar period


Box and Folder Listing


Browse by Document/Artifact of Item-Level:

[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 1: RG-88.01, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, 1 posiedzenia Sejmu RP (Stenographic report of the 1st session of the Sejm), November 28, 1922],
[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 2: RG-88.02, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 6 posiedzenia Sejmu RP Stenographic report of the 6 session  of the First Term Sejm, January 16, 1923],
[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 3: RG-88.03, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 7 posiedzenia Sejmu RP (stenographic report of the 7 session of the First Term Sejm), January 19, 1923],
[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 4: RG-88.04, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 8 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  20, 1923],
[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 5: RG-88.05, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 9 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  22, 1923],
[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 6: RG-88.06, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 10 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  23, 1923],
[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 7: RG-88.07, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 11 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  26, 1923],
[Document/Artifact of Item-Level 8: RG-88.08, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 12 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, February 6, 1923],
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Document/Artifact of Item-Level 7: RG-88.07, Sprawozdanie Stenograoficzne, z 11 posiedzenia Sejmu RP, January  26, 1923Add to your cart.View associated digital content.

Elections to the Sejm and Senate of the Second Polish Republic where held in 1919, 1922, 928, 1930, 1935 and 1938. There were only free officially of restrictions and causes elections, namely the Five-Determinants of Freedom elections of 1919 and 1922. The rest four Elections were to some degree curtailed by the contemporaneous legislation.

Stenographic report from the Session No. 11 of the Sejm, on January 26, 1923

Subject/Index Terms:
Stenographic report of the 15 session of Sejm, February 12, 1923, First Term Sejm
Agenda of the 15th session of the Sejm, February 12, 1923, First Term Sejm
Polish People's Movement Wyzwolenie, political party, Poland, interwar period
Expose, interpellations, speeches, inquiries, the Sejm (parliament) of the Second Polish Republic
Deliberation on the new legislation, the First Term Sejm, 1922 -- 1927, interwar Poland
New laws introduced to the Sejm, Session 15, February 12, 1923, First Term Sejm
Discussion over the Law of the State Court (Trybunal Stanu), the First Term Sejm, 15th session, 1923
Parliamentarian Herman Lieberman in regard to the law of the State Court, 1st Term Sejm, 1923
Parliamentarian Lutoslawski in regard to the law of the State Court, 1st Term Sejm, 15 sesssion 1923
Parliamentarian Konopczynski in regard to the law of the State Court, 1st Term sejm, 15 session 1923
Creators:
Secretariat of the First Term Sejm (parliament) of the Second Polish Republic, 1922 – 1927 (1922 -- 1927)
The First Term Sejm (parliament) of the Second Polish Republic, 1922 -- 1927 (1922 -- 1927)


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