Der Stuermer (The Attacker), Illustrierter Beobachter (Illustrative Observer), Die Sirene (Siren), 1933-1939 | Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust

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Collection Overview

Title: Der Stuermer (The Attacker), Illustrierter Beobachter (Illustrative Observer), Die Sirene (Siren), 1933-1939

Predominant Dates:1936 -- 1939

ID: RG-85/RG-85

Primary Creator: Der Stuermer, the founder and editorial board and publisher Julius Streicher (1923 -- 1945)

Other Creators: Die Sirene (the Siren) (1933 -- 1939), Illustrierter Beobachter (German Nazi Party Publication) (1926-1945)

Extent: 1.0 Boxes

Languages: German

Abstract

This collections comprises issues of extremely antisemitic Nazi periodical Der Stuermer (the Attacker), of an iformatinal illustrative magaize Illustrierter Beobacheter (Illustrative Observer and Die Sirene (The Siren), of an illustrative military magazien, all in all published in Nazi Germany.

Scope and Contents of the Materials

All these periodicals are of Nationalist-Socialist ideology. However, Der Stuermer is notoriously known for its vulgar and barbaric antisemitism, while the Illustrative Observer and The Siren are typical Nazi-German publications glorifying the regime and oriented on the support of German military cause.

Der Stürmer (the Attacker) was a weekly tabloid-format Nazi newspaper published by Julius Streicher (a prominent official in the Nazi Party) from 1923 to the end of the Second World War, with brief suspensions in publication due to legal difficulties. It was a significant part of Nazi propaganda and was vehemently antisemitic. Unlike the Völkischer Beobachter (translatable as The People's Observer), the official party paper which gave itself an outwardly serious appearance, Der Stürmer often ran obscene material such as antisemitic caricatures of Jews and accusations of blood libel, plus sexually explicit, anti-Catholic, anti-Communist, anti-capitalist and anti-monarchist propaganda also too.

The newspaper originated at Nuremberg during Hitler's attempt to establish power and control. During the struggle to achieve power, Streicher was accused by the opposition of the Nazi party as being "a liar, a coward, of having unsavory friends, mistreating his wife and of flirting with women". Despite the accusations, the first copy of Der Stürmer was published April 20, 1923. Der Stürmer’s circulation grew over time, distributing to a large percentage of the German population as well as Argentina, Brazil, Canada and the United States.

Between August 1941 and September 1944, Streicher authorized articles demanding the annihilation and extermination of the Jewish race. After the war, he was convicted of crimes against humanity and executed.

Illustrierter Beobachter (Illustrated Observer) was an illustrated propaganda magazine published by the German National Socialist Party. It was published from 1926 to 1945 in Munich, and edited by Hermann Esser.

It began as a monthly publication and its first issue showed members of the Bamberger Nationalist Party of a Jewish Synagogue and denounced Jacob Rosny Rosenstein, a potential Nobel Laureate as a "disgrace to German culture". Special editions denounced England and France for starting the war.

Collection Historical Note

This collection contains the issue of Der Stuermer appeared in 1936 -- 1938.

RG-85.01, Der Stuermer, Illustrierter Beobachter. October 1936, No. 41;

RG-85.02, Der Stuermer, Illustrierter Beobachter. January 1937, No. 1;

RG-85.03, Der Stuermer, Illustrierter Beobachter. October 1936, No. 44;

RG-85.04, Der Stuermer, Illustrierter Beobachter. September 1936, No. 38;

RG-85.05, Illustrierter Beobachter. Sunday. March 20, 1938. No. 13;

RG-85.06, Illustrierter Beobachter. Special Edition.

RG-85.07, Die Sirene. November 1936, No. 24;

RG-85.08, Die Sirene. December 1936, No. 25

Extremely antisemitic, Der Stuermer also took a harsh satiric approach to internationla politics as well. Der Stuermer strongly exploated the theory of "world Jewish conspiracy."

Illustrierter Beobachter (The Illustrative Observer) largerly reflected on the triumph of National Socialism in all spheres of life. It also explicitely criticized and revealed life behind the scene in the USSR. The periodical also took a highly negative stand with regard to the international commmunist movement.

Die Sirene (The Siren) was a lesser political enagaged magazine. It reflected the German and world politics and was of a rather leisure reading.

Biographical Note

Der Stürmer (pronounced (the Attacker) was a weekly tabloid-format Nazi newspaper published by Julius Streicher (a prominent official in the Nazi Party) from 1923 to the end of the Second World War, with brief suspensions in publication due to legal difficulties. It was a significant part of Nazi propaganda and was vehemently antisemitic. Unlike the Völkischer Beobachter (translatable as The People's Observer), the official party paper which gave itself an outwardly serious appearance, Der Stürmer often ran obscene material such as antisemitic caricatures of Jews and accusations of blood libel, plus sexually explicit, anti-Catholic, anti-Communist, anti-capitalist and anti-monarchist propaganda also too.

Subject/Index Terms

Box and Folder Listing

Document/Artifact of Item-Level 4: RG-85.04, Der Stuermer. September 1936, No. 38, September, 1936

Nazi sympathetic publication, Der Stuermer, is an example of yellow journalism (lack of credibility) in order to stir antisemitism in Nazi Germany preceding World War II. Editor and founder Julius Streicher commisioned cartoonist Philipp Rupprecht, 'Fips', to draw antisemitic caricatures. The cartoon attributed to the cover page depicts Jews as 'Gangsters', and articles highlight crimes committed by Jews.

To make up for the lack of factual news, Der Stuermer continuously printed articles and photographs of German citizens 'supporting' the publication.

A unique article from this news release covers an all-Russian antisemitic march in Manchukuo.

Subject/Index Terms:: "Der Juden sind unser Unglueck!" the motto of Der Stuermer; Oswald Mosley, founder of the British Union of Fascists; Fascist ideology, British; Great Britain (1920-1938); Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Party and Prime Minister of the USSR, 1879 -- 1953; United States (1900 -- 1939); The USSR (1922--1939); Moscow (the USSR); Spain (Europe); Jewish Community of Berlin, 1900 -- 1945; "German Weekly Newspaper in the Fight for Truth," the motto of Der Stuermer; "The Jews are our misfortune!" the motto of Der Stuermer; Anti-Jewish caricatures, German, Der Stuermer; Anti-Soviet political cartoons, 1930s; Der Stuermer (Sturmer, the Attacker), Nati urdently antisemitic and yellow type press periodical; Documents in German language; Germany (1933 -- 1939); Illustrative news in Nazi-German periodicals; Julius Streicher, founder of Der Stuermer, Nazi publisher; Nazi-German political propaganda; Nazi anti-Bolshevik racial and political propaganda; Nazi antisemitic propaganda; Periodicals, Nazi; Philipp Rupprecht, antisemitic cartoonist, Der Stuermer; Primitivism, barbarism and vulgarity of Nazi antisemitic publications, 1923 -- 1945, Der Stuermer; Repressions and persecutions in the USSR under the Stalinist regime; The Spanish Civil War, 1936 -- 1939; Victims of the stalinist regime in the USSR; The theory of world Jewish conspiracy, Nazi conception, Der Stuermer; Communism in the United States, portrayed by Der Stuermer

Creators:: Der Stuermer, the founder and editorial board and publisher Julius Streicher (1923 -- 1945)